Vikipedi özgür ansiklopedi Antonio Ciseri s Martyrdom of the Seven Maccabees 1863 depicting the woman with her dead sons

Vikipedi ozgur ansiklopedi Antonio Ciseri s Martyrdom of the Seven Maccabees 1863 depicting the woman with her dead sons Yedi oglu olan kadin deuterokanonik 2 Makabiler 7 de anlatilan bir Yahudi sehittir O ve yedi oglu Kral IV Antiochus Epiphanes tarafindan baslatilan Yahudilik zulmu sirasinda tutuklandilar Zulmun bir parcasi olarak domuz eti yemeleri ve boylece Yahudi yasalarini ihlal etmeleri istendi Ancak bunu defalarca reddettiler ve Antiochus yilmaz ve yurekli annenin onunde ogullarini teker teker iskence edip oldurdukten sonra sonunda anneyi de oldurdu Hikayenin tarihsel ortami IV Antiochus un MO 167 166 civari Yahudilere uyguladigi zulmun baslangici etrafinda olup bu da Makkabi Isyani na yol acmistir 2 Makkabeler de adi gecmese de anne cesitli sekillerde Hannah Miryam Solomonia ve Smuni olarak bilinir Hikayenin diger versiyonlari Talmud ve gibi Yahudi kaynaklarinda yer almaktadir Anlati span 2 Makabeler span The book depicts events during the turbulent period of the 170s and 160s BCE King of the which then ruled Judea departs on a campaign in the but becomes enraged after what he interprets as a Jewish revolt He issues decrees forbidding various traditional Jewish practices such as keeping kosher and circumcision of sons The mother and seven sons are swept up in this persecution and are arrested They are brought directly before Antiochus tortured and ordered to eat or die One of the brothers says that even if they were all to die they would not break the law The angry king orders the pans and heated and orders that the first brother s tongue be cut off that the skin be from his head and that the ends of his These orders are carried out in the presence of the other six brothers and the mother who in the meantime encourage each other to resist the tormentors demands While the first brother is inert and still breathing Epiphanes orders him thrown into the After the first brother dies the from the next brother s head Each brother is killed in the same way all in view of their tenacious and rather stoic mother who thus loses all her sons The Martyrdom of the Seven Maccabees in the 1497 The narrator mentions that the mother was the most remarkable of all and deserves to be remembered with special honour She watched her seven sons die in the space of a single day yet she bore it bravely because she put her trust in the Lord Each of the sons makes a speech as he dies and the last one says that his brothers are dead under God s covenant of everlasting life The narrator ends by saying that the mother died without saying whether she was executed or died in some other way Talmud ve Midras span The Talmud tells a similar story but with refusal to worship an idol replacing refusal to eat pork Tractate Gittin 57b cites as saying that this refers to the woman and her seven sons The woman is not named and the king is referred to as the Caesar In this version of the story each son goes to his death while citing a different verse from the Torah prohibiting idolatry The Caesar takes pity on the seventh son and offers to drop his royal seal on the ground so that the son can pick it up and thus accept his royal authority He refuses proclaiming that the glory of heaven is more important to him than the glory of a mortal king As he is being led off to be killed his mother tells him My son go and say to your father Abraham a son to one altar I bound sons to seven altars The story concludes with the woman s suicide she went up on to a roof and threw herself down and was killed A heavenly voice then proclaims A joyful mother of children Psalms 113 9 A similar version of the tale occurs in the text Chapter 1 In this version the woman is named Miriam bat Nahtom Miriam the Baker s Daughter The story concludes similarly to the version in the Talmud but in this version the youngest son holds a long conversation with the Caesar proving from Biblical verses the superiority of his God and the system of reward and punishment When the moment arrives for him to be executed the mother insists that she be killed first The Caesar refuses on account that the Torah prohibits killing an animal and its offspring on the same day see Leviticus 22 28 The mother retorts Fool Have you already fulfilled all the commandments and only this one remains Diger versionlar span Other versions of the story are found in which suggests that the woman might have thrown herself into the flames 17 1 and which says she fell dead on her sons corpses The Josippon version of the story probably was paraphrased from a Latin version of 2 Maccabees and was notable as the first major exposure of medieval Jewish audiences to the story Isimler span Various sources have proposed names for this woman In she is called Miriam bat Nahtom in the tradition she is known as Solomonia while in the she is called Shamuna and in she is known as Shmuni She is called Hannah or Chana in perhaps as a result of connecting her with in the Book of Samuel who says that the barren woman bears seven Gerson Cohen notes that this occurs only in the longer Spanish version of Josippon 1510 while the shorter Mantuan version c 1480 continues to refer to her anonymously The Courage of a Mother one of 1866 In the Syriac the sons are named Gadday Maqqbay Tarsay Hebron Hebson Bakkos and Yonadab Etkileri span The woman with seven sons is remembered with high regard for her religious steadfastness teaching her sons to keep to their faith even if it meant execution The Maccabees story reflects a theme of the book that the strength of the Jews lies in the fulfillment of the practical Jewish tradition has de emphasised the books of Maccabees as non canonical texts particularly after the rise of and the catastrophic death and destruction that followed the failure of the Jewish and the Thus Jewish tradition has primarily recalled this story through the versions recorded in the Talmud and the Lamentations Rabbah For the Christians the books of Maccabees stayed as part of scripture due to their place in the Septuagint at least until the As such much there is a substantial amount of Christian medieval art and literature honoring the woman and her seven sons However the emphasis in the Maaccabees version of the story on the sons refusal to break the Biblical dietary laws was problematic for medieval Christianity which was characterised by its view that the ritual laws in the Bible had been The result was that Christian literature and art revered the martyrs but downplayed their Jewishness It is probable that refers to this woman as a prophet Hilary says For all things as the Prophet says were made out of nothing and according to Patrick Henry Reardon he is quoting 7 28 According to Antiochene Christian tradition the relics of the mother and sons were interred on the site of a synagogue later converted into a church in the quarter of Antioch On the other hand tombs believed to be those of these martyrs were discovered in in 1876 An additional tomb believed to be that of the woman with her seven sons is located in the Jewish cemetery of Safed She is called Mart Shmune in the and is the patron saint of the village of where a parish is named for her Especially in Northern Iraque multiple churches are dedicated to her and her sons Kutsal Makabi Sehitleri span Although they are not the same as the Hasmonean rulers called the woman and her sons along with the described in 2 Maccabees 6 are known as the Holy Machabees or Holy Maccabean Martyrs in the and the What is believed to be the Maccabees relics kept in the Maccabees Shrine is venerated in St Andrew Church Cologne Germany The Orthodox Church celebrates the Holy Maccabean Martyrs on The Catholic Church also includes them in its official list of saints that have August 1 as their feast day From before the time of the the Holy Maccabees had a in the liturgy within the feast of This commemoration remained within the weekday liturgy when in 1960 Pope John XXIII suppressed this particular feast of Saint Peter Nine years later 1 August became the feast of Saint and the mention of the Maccabee martyrs was omitted from the since in its it no longer admitted commemorations It is still currently celebrated in the on August 1 Since they are among the saints and martyrs recognized in the they may be venerated by all Catholics everywhere According to tradition the sons are called Abim Antonius Gurias Eleazar Eusebonus Alimus and Marcellus though the names differ slightly among different authorities They are celebrated yearly during the The name Shmouni in the Syriac tradition is first known to us by the report of In one source the name Maria appears alongside the name Shmouni In the chronicle of ʿAbd Shalom is identified as the father of the seven sons and is introduced as the brother of As a place of Martyrdom Antioch sometimes is mentioned instead of Jerusalem According to the Fenqitho book of festal offices the name of the mother is Shmooni while her sons are Habroun Hebsoun Bakhous Adai Tarsai Maqbai and Yawnothon Their teacher was name Eleazar and was martyred along with them The three Ethiopian books of canonical in the but distinct works from the other four books of Maccabees refer to an unrelated group of Maccabean Martyrs five brothers including Abya Seela and Fentos sons of a Benjamite named Maccabeus who were captured and martyred for leading a guerrilla war against Antiochus Epiphanes Various in the Middle Ages portrayed the Maccabean martyrs and depictions of their martyrdom possibly gave rise to the term macabre perhaps derived from the Latin Machabaeorum Ayrica bakiniz span Yikimin igrencligi 2 Makabeler Makabi AyaklanmasiKaynakca span 15 Hellenism and Persecution Antiochus IV and the Jews The Construct of Identity in Hellenistic Judaism De Gruyter ss 333 358 2016 09 12 doi 10 1515 9783110375558 018 2 ISBN 978 3 11 037555 82023 12 15 a b c d Gerson D Cohen Hannah and Her Seven Sons at Jewish Virtual Library a b Tal Ilan Hannah Mother of Seven at the Jewish Women s Archive a b c 7 Holy Maccabee Martyrs Orthodox Church in America Retrieved 2025 03 06 Synek Eva 2007 Chapter 12 Syriac Christianity Chapter 21 Eastern Christian Hagiographical Traditions Oriental Orthodox Syriac Hagiography Perry Kenneth Ed The Blackwell Companion to Eastern Christianity Book Publishers ss 266 444 445 ISBN 9780631234234 2 Maccabees 7 20 2 Maccabees 7 36 says of this verse I scarce know where to find an instance of greater faith in the and and fortitude in any of our than here Sermon VIII cited in The Old Testament According to the Authorised Version With Brief Commentary by Various Authors The Apocryphal Books Esdras to Maccabees 1902 Babylonian Talmud Tractate Gittin Folio 57 Lamentations Rabbah Chapter 1 Accessed 2 May 2023 Joslyn Siemiatkoski Daniel 2012 The Mother And Seven Sons in Late Antique And Medieval Ashkenazi Judaism Narrative Transformations and Communal Identity Ed Dying for the Faith Killing for the Faith Old Testament Faith Warriors 1 and 2 Maccabees in Historical Perspective Brill s 129 134 ISBN 978 90 04 21104 9 Stemberger Gunter 1992 The Maccabees in Rabbinic Tradition The Scriptures and the Scrolls Studies in Honour of A S van der Woude on the Occasion of his 65th Birthday E J Brill s 192 203 Armenian Church Liturgical Calendar July 2008 2012 02 22 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arsivlendi The Women s Bible Commentary 1998 s 324 ISBN 9780664257811 Witold Witakowski 1994 Mart y Shmuni the Mother of the Maccabean Martyrs in Syriac Tradition in R Lavenant ed VI Symposium Syriacum 1992 University of Cambridge Faculty of Divinity 30 August 2 September 1992 PIOS pp 162 163 Yehoshua M Grintz Maccabees Second Book of at Jewish Virtual Library Joslyn Siemiatkoski Daniel 2009 Christian Memories of the Maccabean Martyrs New York Palgrave Mcmillan s 1 ISBN 978 0 230 60279 3 Cobb L Stephanie 2020 Martyrdom in Roman Context Middleton Paul Ed The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Christian Martyrdom John Wiley amp Sons Ltd ss 92 93 ISBN 9781119099826 On the Trinity Book IV 16 Patrick Henry Reardon Creation and the Patriarchal Histories Orthodox Christian Reflections on the Book of Genesis Conciliar Press 2008 pp 34 35 Taylor Marshall The Crucified Rabbi Judaism and the Origins of the Catholic Christianity Saint John Press 2009 p 170 Calendarium Romanum Libreria Editrice Vaticana 1969 p 132 Martyrologium Romanum Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2001 88 209 7210 7 The website of Holy Trinity in Baltimore lists them as Habim Antonin Guriah Eleazar Eusebon Hadim Halim and Marcellus The Seven Holy Maccabean Martyrs Witakowski Witold 1994 Lavenant Rene Ed VI Symposium Syriacum 1992 University of Cambridge Faculty of Divinity 30 August 2 September 1992 Orientalia Christiana analecta Roma Pontificio Istituto orientale ss 153 168 ISBN 978 88 7210 305 0 Saint Laurent Jeanne N M 17 August 2016 Shamuni mother of the Seven Maccabean Martyrs syriaca org 2024 10 03 tarihinde kaynagindan arsivlendi Erisim tarihi 2025 08 29 Thomas Merin 2020 08 02 Morth Shmuni Her Seven Sons And Eliazer Urho The Way Ingilizce Erisim tarihi 2025 01 16 Arsivlenmesi gereken baglantiya sahip kaynak sablonu iceren maddeler link Maronite Church Fenqitho v 1 Lilyo of the Feast of Shmooni and Her Seven Sons 1 Meqabyan 2 1 2 and 3 28 Standard English Version There was one man birthed from the tribe of Benjamin whose name is called Maccabeus he had three children who were handsome and who were totally warriors The two brethren of Seela and Abya and Fentos came and released them The Fifth edition 2002 states that the origin of macabre perhaps has reference to a miracle play containing the slaughter of the Maccabees Volume 1 p 1659 Dis baglantilar span Wikimedia Commons ta Yedi oglu olan kadin ile ilgili ortam dosyalari mevcuttur 2 Maccabees 7 1 7 42Otorite kontroluNLI 987007528053405171 Kategoriler MO 160 larda olenlerTalmud insanlariEski Ahit apokriflerinde kadinlarYahudi sehitleriAntik Yahudi kadinlarDeuterokanonik kitaplardaki 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