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Brookesia Madagaskar'a endemik olan ve küçük ile çok küçük boyutlarda değişen bukalemunların sınıflandırıldığı bir cinstir. Brookesia cinsi içinde yer alan türler dünyanın en küçük bukalemunları olduğu gibi aynı zamanda dünyanın en küçük sürüngenleridir. Bu türler çoğunlukla kahverengidir ve yerde yaşarlar. Türlerin çoğu son otuz yıl içinde tanımlanmıştır ve daha henüz bilimsel adı verilmeyen tanımlanmamış türler olduğu bilinmektedir. Çoğu erişimi zor olan çok küçük alanlarda yaşamaktadır ve küçük boyutları ile gizlenme yetenekleri nedeniyle daha büyük akrabalarına nazaran üzerlerine çok araştırma yapılamamıştır.
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Eimoloji
Cins adı Britanyalı doğa bilimci 'a ithafen verilmiştir.
Korunma durumu
Brookesia türlerinin çoğu CITES Appendix I'de yer alan B. perarmata dışında Appendix II'de yer alır. Bu nedenle bu türleri anavatanları Madagaskar'ın dışına çıkarmak için özel izin almak gereklidir ve B. perarmata için ise izin verilmemektedir.
Türler
Brookesia cinsi içinde tanınmakta olan 30 tür vardır:
- & , 1995
- Raxworthy & Nussbaum, 1995
- Raxworthy & Nussbaum, 1995
- , & , 1974
- , 1980
- et al., 2012
- Raxworthy & Nussbaum, 1995
- et al., 2012
- ,, 1939
- , 1900
- Glaw et al., 2012
- (, 1880)
- & , 1996
- Brygoo, Blanc & Domergue, 1974
- Brygoo, Blanc & Domergue, 1970
- Brygoo & Domergue, 1970
- Raxworthy & Nussbaum, 1995
- Brookesia micraGlaw et al., 2012
- Boettger, 1893
- (Angel, 1933)
- Brygoo & Domergue, 1974
- Brygoo & Domergue, 1975
- Boettger, 1894
- (Kuhl, 1820)
- Brygoo & Domergue, 1970
- Brygoo & Domergue, 1969
- Glaw et al., 2012
- Mocquard, 1894
- Brygoo & Domergue, 1968
- Raxworthy, 1991
Ayrıca bakınız
Notlar
- ^ Beolens B, Watkins M, Grayson M. 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. . (Genus Brookesia, p. 40).
- ^ Glaw F, Köhler J, Townsend TM, Vences M (2012). "Rivaling the World's Smallest Reptiles: Discovery of Miniaturized and Microendemic New Species of Leaf Chameleons (Brookesia) from Northern Madagascar". PLoS ONE. 7 (2). ss. e31314. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031314. (PMC) 3279364 $2. (PMID) 22348069.
- ^ The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org
- ^ a b c d e Raxworthy, C.J.; Nussbaum, R.A. (1995). "Systematics, speciation and biogeography of the dwarf chameleons (Brookesia; Reptilia, Squamata, Chamaeleontidae) of northern Madagascar". Journal of Zoology. Cilt 525-558. ss. 525-558.
- ^ a b c d Brygoo, Édouard-Raoul; Blanc, Charles P.; Domergue, Charles P. (1974). "Notes sur les Brookesia de Madagascar. VII. Brookesia du Marojezy. B. betschi et B. griveaudi n.sp. ( Reptilia, Squamata, Chamaeleonidae)". Bull. Acad. Malgache. 51 (1). ss. 167-184.
- ^ Ramanantsoa, G.A. (1980). "Description de deux nouvelles espéces de Brookesia (Reptilia, Squamata, Chamaeleonidae): B. legendrei et B. bonsi". Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. nat., Paris. 4 (1). ss. 685-693.
- ^ Crottini, Angelica; Minalles, Aurélien; Glaw, Frank; Harris, D. James; Lima, Alexandra; Vences, Miguel (2012). "Description of a new pygmy chameleon (Chamaeleonidae: Brookesia) from central Madagascar". Zootaxa. Cilt 3490. ss. 63*74.
- ^ a b c d Glaw, F.; Köhler, J.; Townsend, T. M.; Vences, M. (2012). Salamin, Nicolas (Ed.). "Rivaling the World's Smallest Reptiles: Discovery of Miniaturized and Microendemic New Species of Leaf Chameleons (Brookesia) from Northern Madagascar". PLoS ONE. 7 (2). ss. e31314. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031314. (PMC) 3279364 $2. (PMID) 22348069.
- ^ Angel, F. (1939). "Lézards, Scincidé et Chamaeleontidé nouveaux de Madagascar, des collections R. Decary". Bull. Mus. Hist. nat. 10 (1938). ss. 574—577.
- ^ Mocquard, F. (1900). "Diagnose d'espéces nouvelles de Reptiles de Madagascar". Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. nat., Paris. Cilt 6. ss. 345-348.
- ^ Boettger, O. (1880). "Diagnoses reptilium et batrachiorum novorum a Carolo Ebenau in insula Nossi-Bé Madagascariensi lectorum". Zool. Anz. Cilt 3. ss. 279-283.
- ^ Schimmenti, Giovanni; Jesu, Riccardo (1996). "Brookesia exarmata sp. nov. (Reptilia, Chamaeleonidae): a new dwarf chameleon from the limestone outcrops of western Madagascar". TALIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY (MODENA). 63 (2). ss. 193-197.
- ^ a b c Brygoo, Édouard-Raoul; Blanc, Charles P.; Domergue, Charles P. (1970). "Notes sur les Brookesia de Madagascar. III. B. karchei n.sp. du Massif du Majorezy.". Arch. Univ. Madagascar, Sciences. Cilt 7. ss. 267-271.
- ^ Boettger, Oskar (1893). Katalog der Reptilien-Sammlung im Museum der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main. I. Teil (Rhynchocephalen, Schildkröten, Krokodile, Eidechsen, Chamäleons). Frankfurt a. M.: Gebrüder Knauer.
- ^ Angel, F. (1933). "Sur un genre Malgache nouveau, de la famille des Chamaeléontidés". Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. nat., Paris. 5 (6). ss. 443-446.
- ^ Boettger, Oskar (1894). "Eine neue Brookesia (Chamaeleontidae) aus Nossibé". Zool. Anz. Cilt 17. ss. 182-185.
- ^ Kuhl, H. (1820). Beiträge zur Zoologie und vergleichenden Anatomie. Frankfurt: Hermannsche Buchhandlung.
- ^ Brygoo, Édouard-Raoul; Domergue, Charles P. (1969). "Notes sur les Brookesia de Madagascar. I. Un Brookesia des forets orientales de Madagascar, B. thieli n.sp. .". Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. nat., Paris. 41 (6). ss. 1103- 1109.
- ^ Mocquard, F. (1894). "Reptiles nouveaux ou insuffisamment connus de Madagascar". C. R. sommaire Séances Soc. philomath. Paris. 17 (1-10).
- ^ Brygoo, Édouard-Raoul; Domergue, Charles P. (1968). "Description d'un nouveau Brookesia de Madagascar B. vadoni n.sp. (Chaméléonidés)". Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. nat., Paris. 40 (4). ss. 677-682.
- ^ Raxworthy, C.J. (1991). "Field observations on some dwarf chameleons (Brookesia spp.) from rainforest areas of Madagascar, with the description of a new species". J. Zool., London. Cilt 224. ss. 11-25.
Bibliyografya
- Gray JE. 1864. Revision of the Genera and Species of Chamæleonidæ, with the Description of some New Species. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1864: 465-477 + Plates XXXI & XXXII. (Brookesia, new genus, pp. 476–477).
- , & Vences, M. (2007). A Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar, 3d edition. Köln, Germany: Vences & Glaw Verlag. 496 pp. .
Dış bağlantılar
- CITES: Appendices I, II and III. 3 Şubat 2007 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde . Accessed 23-01-2009.
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Brookesia Madagaskar a endemik olan ve kucuk ile cok kucuk boyutlarda degisen bukalemunlarin siniflandirildigi bir cinstir Brookesia cinsi icinde yer alan turler dunyanin en kucuk bukalemunlari oldugu gibi ayni zamanda dunyanin en kucuk surungenleridir Bu turler cogunlukla kahverengidir ve yerde yasarlar Turlerin cogu son otuz yil icinde tanimlanmistir ve daha henuz bilimsel adi verilmeyen tanimlanmamis turler oldugu bilinmektedir Cogu erisimi zor olan cok kucuk alanlarda yasamaktadir ve kucuk boyutlari ile gizlenme yetenekleri nedeniyle daha buyuk akrabalarina nazaran uzerlerine cok arastirma yapilamamistir BrookesiaBiyolojik siniflandirmaAlem AnimaliaSube ChordataSinif ReptiliaTakim SquamataAlt takim SauriaFamilya ChamaeleonidaeCins Brookesia Gray 1864EimolojiCins adi Britanyali doga bilimci a ithafen verilmistir Korunma durumuBrookesia turlerinin cogu CITES Appendix I de yer alan B perarmata disinda Appendix II de yer alir Bu nedenle bu turleri anavatanlari Madagaskar in disina cikarmak icin ozel izin almak gereklidir ve B perarmata icin ise izin verilmemektedir Turlerdisisi stres renklenmesi yaninda iki yeni yumurtlanmis yumurta ile 2012 de tanimlanan ve tur grubuna dahil olan dort Brookesia turunun erkek solda ve disileri sagda A B C D E F B micra G H Brookesia cinsi icinde taninmakta olan 30 tur vardir amp 1995 Raxworthy amp Nussbaum 1995 Raxworthy amp Nussbaum 1995 amp 1974 1980 et al 2012 Raxworthy amp Nussbaum 1995 et al 2012 1939 1900 Glaw et al 2012 1880 amp 1996 Brygoo Blanc amp Domergue 1974 Brygoo Blanc amp Domergue 1970 Brygoo amp Domergue 1970 Raxworthy amp Nussbaum 1995 Brookesia micraGlaw et al 2012 Boettger 1893 Angel 1933 Brygoo amp Domergue 1974 Brygoo amp Domergue 1975 Boettger 1894 Kuhl 1820 Brygoo amp Domergue 1970 Brygoo amp Domergue 1969 Glaw et al 2012 Mocquard 1894 Brygoo amp Domergue 1968 Raxworthy 1991Ayrica bakinizAda cucelesmesiNotlar Beolens B Watkins M Grayson M 2011 The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles Baltimore Johns Hopkins University Press xiii 296 pp ISBN 978 1 4214 0135 5 Genus Brookesia p 40 Glaw F Kohler J Townsend TM Vences M 2012 Rivaling the World s Smallest Reptiles Discovery of Miniaturized and Microendemic New Species of Leaf Chameleons Brookesia from Northern Madagascar PLoS ONE 7 2 ss e31314 doi 10 1371 journal pone 0031314 PMC 3279364 2 PMID 22348069 The Reptile Database www reptile database org a b c d e Raxworthy C J Nussbaum R A 1995 Systematics speciation and biogeography of the dwarf chameleons Brookesia Reptilia Squamata Chamaeleontidae of northern Madagascar Journal of Zoology Cilt 525 558 ss 525 558 a b c d Brygoo Edouard Raoul Blanc Charles P Domergue Charles P 1974 Notes sur les Brookesia de Madagascar VII Brookesia du Marojezy B betschi et B griveaudi n sp Reptilia Squamata Chamaeleonidae Bull Acad Malgache 51 1 ss 167 184 Ramanantsoa G A 1980 Description de deux nouvelles especes de Brookesia Reptilia Squamata Chamaeleonidae B legendrei et B bonsi Bull Mus nat Hist nat Paris 4 1 ss 685 693 Crottini Angelica Minalles Aurelien Glaw Frank Harris D James Lima Alexandra Vences Miguel 2012 Description of a new pygmy chameleon Chamaeleonidae Brookesia from central Madagascar Zootaxa Cilt 3490 ss 63 74 a b c d Glaw F Kohler J Townsend T M Vences M 2012 Salamin Nicolas Ed Rivaling the World s Smallest Reptiles Discovery of Miniaturized and Microendemic New Species of Leaf Chameleons Brookesia from Northern Madagascar PLoS ONE 7 2 ss e31314 doi 10 1371 journal pone 0031314 PMC 3279364 2 PMID 22348069 Angel F 1939 Lezards Scincide et Chamaeleontide nouveaux de Madagascar des collections R Decary Bull Mus Hist nat 10 1938 ss 574 577 Mocquard F 1900 Diagnose d especes nouvelles de Reptiles de Madagascar Bull Mus nat Hist nat Paris Cilt 6 ss 345 348 Boettger O 1880 Diagnoses reptilium et batrachiorum novorum a Carolo Ebenau in insula Nossi Be Madagascariensi lectorum Zool Anz Cilt 3 ss 279 283 Schimmenti Giovanni Jesu Riccardo 1996 Brookesia exarmata sp nov Reptilia Chamaeleonidae a new dwarf chameleon from the limestone outcrops of western Madagascar TALIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY MODENA 63 2 ss 193 197 a b c Brygoo Edouard Raoul Blanc Charles P Domergue Charles P 1970 Notes sur les Brookesia de Madagascar III B karchei n sp du Massif du Majorezy Arch Univ Madagascar Sciences Cilt 7 ss 267 271 Boettger Oskar 1893 Katalog der Reptilien Sammlung im Museum der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main I Teil Rhynchocephalen Schildkroten Krokodile Eidechsen Chamaleons Frankfurt a M Gebruder Knauer Angel F 1933 Sur un genre Malgache nouveau de la famille des Chamaeleontides Bull Mus nat Hist nat Paris 5 6 ss 443 446 Boettger Oskar 1894 Eine neue Brookesia Chamaeleontidae aus Nossibe Zool Anz Cilt 17 ss 182 185 Kuhl H 1820 Beitrage zur Zoologie und vergleichenden Anatomie Frankfurt Hermannsche Buchhandlung Brygoo Edouard Raoul Domergue Charles P 1969 Notes sur les Brookesia de Madagascar I Un Brookesia des forets orientales de Madagascar B thieli n sp Bull Mus nat Hist nat Paris 41 6 ss 1103 1109 Mocquard F 1894 Reptiles nouveaux ou insuffisamment connus de Madagascar C R sommaire Seances Soc philomath Paris 17 1 10 Brygoo Edouard Raoul Domergue Charles P 1968 Description d un nouveau Brookesia de Madagascar B vadoni n sp Chameleonides Bull Mus nat Hist nat Paris 40 4 ss 677 682 Raxworthy C J 1991 Field observations on some dwarf chameleons Brookesia spp from rainforest areas of Madagascar with the description of a new species J Zool London Cilt 224 ss 11 25 BibliyografyaGray JE 1864 Revision of the Genera and Species of Chamaeleonidae with the Description of some New Species Proc Zool Soc London 1864 465 477 Plates XXXI amp XXXII Brookesia new genus pp 476 477 amp Vences M 2007 A Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar 3d edition Koln Germany Vences amp Glaw Verlag 496 pp ISBN 978 3 929449 03 7 Dis baglantilarCITES Appendices I II and III 3 Subat 2007 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde Accessed 23 01 2009